Important step for starting company Essay

NAME: SUNEET KAUR To start a New Business or Project is very exciting no doubt but the challenges to get into the system is very heart rendering. The same thing happened to me, when I took upon myself a task to develop a Soft ware Product Development system whereby I required office space, systems, software development team, power back and miscellaneous small activities, and naturally all these requires budget, as I really didn’t had any finance at my disposal. To over come this problem, the foremost thing I needed to do was chalk out Business Plan for myself, as it is the foremost thing to do. It is a prerequisite to not only define all the Propositions for your business plans but also to estimate your budget and chalk out the source of funding. FINANCIAL PLANNING To finance my project, I took upon initiative the task of estimating the financial planning, which included initial estimate of resource requirements, associated costs, revenue, identifying operating costs and to prepare budgetary plans. It also involved cash flow to ensure that there are no gaps between income and expenditure, analyzing breakeven levels and forecasting profits. PLANNING FOR SOURCE OF REVENUE To find out the source that can really finance your business and fulfill your dreams, prepare a well planned Budget including all your recurring cost that will go into a Cost Center like Income or value going into the Cost Center, Cost of Office Space as well as infrastructure, Wages or Salaries of the employees, Cost of power back up and communication systems, Cost of miscellaneous activities etc. After charting out the business and Budget plan, I set upon the task to search the source of funding not only for the start up of the business but also expanding the business, and this source of funding is a back bone of your company. SOURCE OF FUNDING The borrowing depends on number of factors like purpose of funds, your borrowing requirement, repayment period, the availability of security or collateral etc. Bankers will never lend against the full equity value of property, the availability of the loan will be limited by the equity or residual value of property. All these points count if you intend to search for the source of funding. There are several sources for funding, and for me I started with: SHORT TERM AND MEDIUM TERM BANK LOAN I took upon myself to get the short term and medium term bank loan. For the repayment of this loan it took me two to five years. For sum of $5000, the security is required in the form of private or company property, fixed or floating charge over the books debts and assets of the business. Interest is fixed at between 2 per cent and 5 percent over the base rate at the time the loan was taken out. Arrangement fee is also charged on new loans. This loan system was best suited for me as the rate of interest is just fixed for 2 to five percent. It is more advantageous then the other loans because security required is very less. BUSINESS ANGELS Business Angels invests in new and developing enterprises. They, rather than start their own business, invest in someone else’s Investment proposals and initiatives. Those companies who have skilled and technically qualified people, business venture, capital and skill gives a greater chance to succeed with financing from business Angels. There is a site called as a Business Angels Pty. Ltd. Who provide the facility for meeting the both angels and prospective Entrepreneurs. The needs of the business are matched with the angels’ criteria. There are lots of other sources of financing too like Long term loans from banks, Share Capital from private Investors, Debentures etc, Mortgage debentures, Commercial mortgages etc. but the system of Business Angels are best if starting a New Company because it depends on the negotiations between the two parties.

Applied Managerial Dision Making

Applied Managerial Decision Making MGMT600-1301B-03 Phase 3 individual project Rocklyn Kee Colorado Technical University Online Professor Donald Pratl March 11, 2013 There are 500 employees in the sales force of Company W that are spread out over Southeast, Northeast, West, and Central regions. The company has recently incorporated a new software program in and attempt to monitor how many sales are generated by each employee. It is expected that each month each region should sell the same aamount of products.It has been noted that over the last three months however that this expectation has only been reached by half of the employees in each region. Before a decision can be made on possible theories as to why this is, some statistical testing must be done. Company W knows that there are different techniques that can be used to statistically analyze this issue. The one that we will be discussing here will be non-parametic statistics and hypoyhesis testing along with chi-square distribu tion testing of data. Let us begin by first defining these terms for a better understanding. Hypothesis Testing This is a technique that is applied sequentially by businesses in order to obyain concluions in regard to population utilizing information obtained from a sample. This information is gathered so as to enable a decision to be made as to the acceptance or rejection of the hypothesis by the researcher. The researcher makes a decision on two types of hypotheses the null (Ho) and the alternative (H1). The research is actually done on the null hypothesis, as this is the one that trys to reject the hypothesis statement by proving it to be untrue.The researchers testing end result will do one of two things accept or reject the null hypothesis statement. Should the statement be proving to be untrue and rejected, the alternative hypothesis would in turn then be accepted. CTU Online, (2013) * Non-parametric Statistics This is what is known as an assessment to categorically apply info rmation. The informationcan be ordinal or nominal. The researcher will be allocated to classify information that is presented as qualitative for variables that are nominal, while the researcher will be allocated by ordinal variables th categorize the presented information so it can be ranked.There will be no formulated statements from non-parametric analysis in regard to the information that is presented by the researcher. The ANOVA, (analysis of variation) is a commomlly used method of non-parametric. The researcher does an analysis with the ANOVA to see if there is a differentation among groups, and if the mean of them are the same. With a null hypothesis the ANOVA will determine if the information that has been presented has the same means, while with the alternative hypothesis it will determine if the information has defferent means.CTU Online, (2013) There is a one way method and a two way method for an ANOVA analysis that can be used by the researcher. There is only one factor for the researcher to test for equality of the presented information in the one way method, and the two way mwthod allows for distinguishing if there may be another factor. * Chi-Square Distribution Use Two types of information can typically be generarted when variables have no pattern, categorical or numerical. Researchers’ employ using the chi-square distribution in order to unmask the distinctions and to see if they are independent.Categorical variables are specific variables with no fixed numerical value, and numerical type variables are numerical. In this regard there are question asked like, what type of work do you do, or do you own a vehicle? These types of questions are categorical variables because of the answers which would be for example, construction and yes or no, which are different responses from that of other questions like, what is your weight or what is your GPA? , that are numerical variables. These can be continious or discrete, for instance; how many ho mes do you own? This is discrete.What is you height? This is continious. The counting of particular things is where the discrete data comes, and measuring a particular thing is where the continious data comes. CTU Online, (2013) * Using Chi-Square Analysis There can be a fluctuating in the testin using of the chi-square analysis based on the collected information, such as in this case of the representatives that reached the quotas and those who did not. In relation to the null hypothesis the statement would be, the sales representatives using the new sales software were able to meet their sales quotas vs. he sales representative not using the new sales software where not able to meet their quotas. The null in this statement cannot be proven to be true, because there is no proof that the sales representatives that used the new software were the ones to meet their quotas and the ones not using it where the ones who did not. Theory here is that the null hypothesis is false, and the alt ernative hypothesis is accepted. This means that the same amounts of products were not sold by representatives using the new sales software.To develop statements of truth in regard to issues and problems in order to accurately classify is why researchers do hypothesis testing. The researcher has to have a complete understanding of the question or issue in odere to collect, analyize, and interpret data. A researcher has to analyze different theories statistically in order to be useful in educated business decisions making. Voelz, V. , (2006) References: . CTU Online. (2013). Applied Managerial Decision Making www. ctuonline. edu Voelz, V. , (2006). Hypothesis testing www. standford. edu

Camus and Walker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Camus and Walker - Essay Example Philosophers have exhibited efforts towards defining the critical subject of finding meaning in life. Whereas some philosophers highlight that life presents absurdity and meaninglessness, others have been highlighting aspects that present meaning to life. Camus presented his description of the absurdity in life and how this cause suicide. On the hand, Walker sought to describe how religion was critical in presenting life with meaning. This paper will summarize the views of these philosophers and reflect on them. Summary of Camus Article on Absurdity. Albert Camus was a philosopher who sought to explain the absurdity that is evident in life. According to him, life is an irrational experience that presents no meaning at all. After highlighting his conviction on the absurdity of life, he embarked on addressing the most critical question ‘why not commit suicide?’ He then embarked on presenting the issue of absurdity and suicide. According to him, answering this question required an individual to choose distinctly whether it was a worthy venture to stay alive (Pojman, and Lewis 547). He also highlighted that the majority of the approaches to the suicide issue have considered it a social phenomena. In his view, the decision to commit suicide emanated from the heart, although the person remained unaware of the surging problem. In such ignorance of the issue, the undermining effect that surrounded thinking about a certain issue overwhelms the undermined person culminating in suicide. According to him, suicide translated to a confession by a person that there was no valid reason for facing life. People who committed suicide often indulged in undermining thought that gave them the conviction that life lacked meaning. In elaboration, choosing a voluntary death meant that the person had deciphered the ridicule inherent in the habit used to validate the existence (Pojman, and Lewis 548). Usually, a person resulted to committing suicide if there was evidence of the uselessness accompanied by suffering. In such a state, the person only experiences agitation resulting from the habits defining existence, and such agitation often becomes overwhelming. The absurdity of life is the sole cause of suicide according to Camus. Sometimes, a person seeking adjectives of describing the world only find negative ones, and this has become a familiar occurrence. Such a world presents deprivation of illusions and lights that serve to make people have a sense of belonging. The deprivation results in alienation of human from th e world they live in. Apparently, as Camus explained, the alienation then triggers a separation of a person from life causing absurdity. This pattern is evident in people who contemplate suicide. Camus sought to elaborate the exact point where by absurdity caused suicide. For many people, collapsing of the stage that they base their lives on brings about weariness. This kind of weariness has the potential of triggering consciousness that causes the person to question why things happen. Such consciousness serves to highlight a high level of indifference in the future persuading the person to concentrate on the quantity of life rather than quality. He defined meaning in life as having a focus on the quality of life. Moreover, Camus also developed his argument on how presented the potential of teaching people. He then highlighted that life presented the same number of experiences for people of the same age, but the individual perception of the opportunities determined whether life pres ented meaning or absurdity. For those perceiving meaning, they concentrated on quality scales, while lucidity caused these scales to fade. Camus then proceeded to present a myth that served as an analogy to the absurdity in life. He used the myth of Sisyphus to illustrate the meaningless ventures of life (Pojman, and Lewis 550). Sisyphus had received a mandate from the gods to push a certain stone up a mountain, and watch it roll down, compelling him to repeat the

Proposal (for Dissertation) Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

(for Dissertation) - Research Proposal Example Immigrants in the UK from the OECD countries are the worst affected by the downturn. The internationalization of higher education in the past 30 years has been the driver for the growth of the sector globally (Bodycott, 2009). The number of international students since 1995 has almost doubled to 2.7 million globally. The motivations for internationalization differ across countries and institutions. The drive to internationalize has also led to the development of ‘transnational education’ programs. Internationalization has led to strategic alliances and use of technology to deliver education to students located in various countries. Today universities around the world seek quality international students to enhance their reputation, to enrich their campuses and programs through contributions from different sources. While education is a priority sector, student inflows have been found to be sensitive to economic conditions in their home countries and to the exchange rates ( Papademetriou, Sumption & Somerville, 2009). Economic conditions and currency fluctuations influence the student flow between the host country and the source countries. Downturn has reduced the individual savings in sending countries. This would likely reduce the number of self-financed international students as they would prefer an educational institution closer to home. This is also because the students work during their studies in order to support themselves (Somerville & Sumption, 2009). Rationale for research Following the recession, the GDP of the UK contracted by 1.5 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008 and the decline was unusually rapid over the entire year (Somerville & Sumption, 2009). This downturn has been unusual as all sectors have been hit. The effect of recession is very prominent in the international students’ inflow in the UK. Students account for a quarter of total of migrants into the UK and the UK is the second most important destination country for int ernational students worldwide. The precise number of international students in the UK is not known but as per the figures of 2008-09 approximately 214,000 non EU students studied at the public-funded schools in the UK (UKCISA, 2010). The non EU students are bound to pay the entire costs of the education which typically ranges between ?8,000 and ?15,000. The fees from the international students account for 10-30% of the income of the universities. This translates into ?2.5bn earnings of the UK universities with another ?2.5bn spend by international students on goods and services. This contribution is only from the public –funded colleges and when the earnings of the private colleges are added, the international students contribute about ?8.5bn to the UK economy. About 26 UK institutions derive at least 10% of their income from foreign students’ fees (Somerville & Sumption, 2009). The UK receives the highest number of students from China. During the Asian crisis on 1997 also the flow of Malaysian students to the UK was affected (Somerville & Sumption, 2009). In addition the UK universities face stiff competition from the US and Canada international schools. The global market for international students is increasingly competitive (Bodycott, 2009). This results in the UK universities incurring loss of revenue. Under the circumstances, the UK universiti

Domestic violence as it relates to pregnacy (Option 2) Research Paper

Domestic violence as it relates to pregnacy (Option 2) - Research Paper Example Additionally, the roles through which I would be addressing this issue are also mentioned. Domestic Violence as it relates to Pregnancy Introduction Women have been experiencing domestic violence since the start of this world and its intensity has been noticed to increase especially during pregnancy. This leads to pre and post pregnancy complications which require immediate corrective actions under the supervision of an experienced nurse (Shah PS, 2010). As a professional nurse I once encountered a patient who was suffering from intense domestic violence for more than a year. Throughout the pregnancy period her husband practiced battering over her which ultimately led to poor health of both the baby and the mother. She had severe complications during her delivery which also resulted in improper development of her child. The child was significantly underweight and was highly sensitive to common diseases. The overall situation got even worst when the patient could not get the assistanc e of a satisfactory nurse. This example raises questions that what should be the role of nurses when they are particularly dealing with such patients? How domestic violence is related to pregnancy and what nursing care considerations are required? What are the possible impacts of battering over the patient, new born baby and the overall family setup? Finally, how I would be addressing all these issues in my future nursing career? An overview of domestic violence as it relates to pregnancy Domestic violence during pregnancy is also termed as the Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) which commonly occurs during pregnancy and ultimately ends in severe outcomes including high stress level during pregnancy, usage of drugs which further worsen the condition of mother and child, preterm delivery, significantly low weight child, susceptibility to infectious diseases and lower level of child care soon after delivery. This indicates that domestic violence is highly hazardous for pregnant women and its poor outcomes even intensify if violence continues after the child birth. Children who are raised in sadistic homes are naturally aggressive and practice the some behavior with their future partners as they have observed in their childhood. Domestic violence simply adds significant value to the overall treatment and care cost of pregnant women. The role of nurses is very crucial in this regard as they provide first hand care to such women and also look after their child in adverse conditions. It is the initial responsibility of nurses to identify such cases existing in the society and then provide them suitable guidance so as to end violence in their lives (LR, 2008). Nursing care considerations related to domestic violence assessment The question about domestic violence usually occurs when a patient shows substantial symptoms of battering, inadequate prenatal care, higher occurrence of high-risk behaviors, direct physical trauma, increased stress and postulated mechanisms (Sha h PS, 2010). Majority of women entering first time into the medical assistance clinics during their pregnancy period which is also their encounter to a medical professional require special attention and care from the health care service provider. Therefore, professionals who are in direct contact with pregnant women maintain a distinctive position in the society as they closely witness the marital

Marketing Experiential Exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Experiential Exercise - Essay Example Looking at some important insights on how a number of university students decide on their actual purchase of backpacks? As far as modern backpack’s fashion style, convenience and capacity are concerned, there are a lot of stories to tell. Here’s a quite interesting point of view from one of the respondents. â€Å"I prefer a backpack that will make me feel good, aside from the great consideration of its capacity†. There’s no doubt why this respondent rated the three given criteria with five points. â€Å"It feels good when you carry at your back, not just convenience and satisfaction, but a remarkable sense of touch of fashion in it, for fashion is the common trend today, starting from your hairstyle and down to anything else†, she added in a comment. On average, fashion and convenience came on top, followed by capacity as consideration of the respondents prior to the actual purchase of their backpacks. The other respondent stated, â€Å"I think if I am convenient with my backpack, it follows that at some point, it addressed the consideration of its capacity.† The said respondent added, â€Å"In as much as possible, I just want to carry something at my back at a considerable weight, but just enough to satisfy me by giving me a brief space that is required for my belongings.† The survey was conducted at one of the renowned university in town, where there are many university students who gladly have chosen backpacks for daily use in school. Systematic purposive random sampling was employed so as to randomly choose the respondents who are using backpacks, but without considerable bias because everybody in the target population has equal chance of being chosen. The data collection was made possible by employing personal and laddering interviews. Below is the actual analysis based on the respondents’ responses concerning the backpacks in terms of fashion style, convenience and

Differentiate between Ordained Local Ministry and Licensed Lay Essay

Differentiate between Ordained Local Ministry and Licensed Lay Ministry in the Church of England today. What theology underpins the distinctions - Essay Example In addition, the underlying theological perspectives shall be discussed. Despite the differences that are available among these ministries the purpose that they pursue in based on the doctrines of the Bible. Therefore, the difference that exists between these two ministries is geared towards complementing each other. The ordained local ministry (OLM) is a national movement that comprises of clergy that have been ordained but have opted to serve church at a local level. The individual intending to join should firstly inform the Bishop in that diocese that further informs the Director of Ordinands at Parish. The parish gets the mandate to review the individual’s request and make a decision whether to allow or disallow. There are diverse criteria that are considered before one can pass this stage. In particular, patterns of worship, problem solving, teamwork, leadership among other values are considered before one can be considered for the position. To prevent any conspiracy, whenever the Bishop wants to leave or retire, it is unacceptable for them to propose an individual into the ministry (Dewar 2000). On the other hand, the licensed lay ministry (LLM) is a ministry in the church that allows individuals that are not ordained to take part in church work. They are from any background, most of them having responded to a call from God to serve the church in various capacities. Once the individuals have heeded to the call of service, they are trained in theology and given the opportunity to serve the church. Their main assignments in the church range from pastoral assistance, evangelical work, leading in worship, teaching, preaching as well as liturgy work. However, they can engage in other activities according to their talents and the needs of the church. These individuals are not ordained hence; the scope of services is limited to some extent (Etchells 1995). The ordained local ministry puts much emphasis on the local situations in

Philosophy of caring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy of caring - Essay Example According to Chapman, a healing hospital has a clearly defined charter of caring for all patients, loving and showing kindness, compassion and using all available skills to assist patients (2003). To this end, the main components of a healing hospital are faith, compassion, skilled staff and technology. All the components are important in making a positive impact on patient’s health. Compassion and Kindness are virtues that are deeply embedded in the Bible. The Bible requires people to show love and compassion to people in need. Thus, the nurses would be following spiritual beliefs by caring for patients. Skill and technology are also important components in a healing hospital (Chapman, 2003). Love and care cannot be efficient if there are no enablers. Skills and technology enable nurses cope with various situations facing the patients. Nursing need technology to accurately diagnose diseases and mitigate them. Technology can also be used in entertaining patients in order to reduce anxiety. Patients may listen to music that is spiritual to them or has some significance to them. Despite the importance of a healing hospital, creating the healing environment is complex and faces several challenges. The challenges pose barriers to the development of healing hospitals. One of the barriers is that it is difficult to find caretakers who are interested in the concept of a caring hospital. A caring hospital is more demanding and calls for sacrifice on the part of caretakers such as training (Puchalski & McSkimming, 2006). A healing hospital requires staff that have compassion, believe in a culture of care and are spiritual. It is preferred that the staff subscribe to Christian values. Thus, it may pose a challenge to find people who may abide by the rules of a healing environment. The major issues that need to be observed by the caretakers include physical,

Self Marketing homework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Self Marketing homework - Assignment Example In this paper, I will analyze my characteristics and the situation that I am facing in my current position. I present myself as a company that is willing to attract its targeted customers, i.e. the employers. Overview Self analysis is an important factor to promote oneself in this competitive era. With the changes in the global environment, organizations are now-a-days providing increasing significance to the human resources, i.e. the employees who can contribute to the achievement of the organizational goal and create value. Therefore, the prospective employees are required to prove better than others and it is essential to gain competency and thus persuade the employers to benefit them. This paper mainly focuses to promote myself in the oil industry. With this concern, the paper shall present a company analysis indicating me as the company. Furthermore, customer analysis will be performed considering my employer as the targeted customer. Competitive analysis, value chain analysis, country climate analysis and SWOT analysis will also be performed as self-assessing tools. Company Analysis My aim is to become a Mechanical Engineer in oil and gas industry in a managerial position. The task of the mechanical engineer is to perform research, assess the mechanical equipments and taking special care of the machines. The Mechanical Engineer of oil industry requires dealing with various managerial operations such as: Processing of the industrial system Manufacturing system i.e. plant and products Dealing with the transport equipments Infrastructure structure on the oil platform Computer mechanism and measures I have completed Mechanical Engineering course as my educational qualification that has provided me with an in-depth knowledge of the industry operations. Thus, it would be beneficial for the oil industry to employ me. Because I can deal with the factors related with the post of Mechanical Engineer in the oil industry. I have a capability to motivate my subordinat es through my communication skills, commitment, and trust. I am also hard working and can face any organizational challenge. These factors can be highly beneficial for the oil industry to gain customer competency and the value chain management with the assistance of productive manpower. This in turn can maintain long term profitability in the marketing field on the whole. On the similar context, being an employee of the industry I can gain prestige in the locality. It can be stated that being employed in the reputed firm can also reward me higher incentives as well as satisfactory career growth. And thus help me lead a healthy and successful life. It shall be a mutual understanding between the industry and me with a common objective of growth. As I wish to grow with my organizational competency, I can be highly productive for my employers. Customer Analysis US oil industry is one of the leading industries of the world. The industry had increased property acquirement and had caused t otal capital expenditures. It was analyzed through research studies performed by experts that the oil industry had doubled its total capital expenditures in 2010. The industry’s expenditures was $72.8 billion in 2009 but had increased as $177.9 billion in 2010. The industry also exports its products with an increased gas reserve by 12% in 2010. Therefore, from the data given above it can be stated th

Critical Thinking Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Thinking Questions - Assignment Example A reference source used in a paper must be credible to be conclusive and the authority it possesses makes the source more credible and usable. Primary sources give first-hand information about the subject of research while Secondary Sources give information that has been discussed elsewhere. However Primary and Secondary sources are relative terms and can be described as per the usage of the information. It is described that â€Å"a fallacy is usually incorrect reasoning in argumentation resulting in a misconception.† A logical fallacy is one which is a logical flaw in the argument due to which the argument becomes invalid. A post hoc is a good example of logical fallacy in which people try to link events and deduce conclusions with out considering the other relevant factors. A typical essay includes thesis statement, introductions, body paragraphs and conclusion. The introduction of the essay must be deductive in nature and presented precisely. A good introduction includes to pic of the essay and the background information regarding it. The thesis statement is usually presented in one single statement and author shows his point of view that will be later proved in the body paragraphs through a logical chain of arguments. A thesis statement never asks a question but shows a point of view. A conclusion comprises of a paragraph and concludes the arguments presented in the body paragraphs. The conclusion is basically a summary of the essay. A counter-argument is a reason given by your opposition. The counter-arguments are used in thesis to be evaluated on logic and then answered. Transitions are used to connect different paragraphs and give a complete picture of the essay. c. Integration of Evidence: What is the difference between paraphrasing, summary and direct quotes?

ACT Writing Prompt Essay Example for Free

ACT Writing Prompt Essay When you were in school have you ever came back from vacation and forgot what you have learned? Most kids when they come back from summer vacation they forgot most of the material they had just learned. Or during school students complain â€Å"I want more time off†. No one gets excited about school but if kids were used to getting no summer break then they wouldn’t have the need to want more time off. The traditional three-summer vacation should not be maintained because over summer students forget what they learned, the holiday breaks will be longer, and the students will be able to learn more. See more: The Issues Concerning Identity Theft Essay The three-month summer vacation should not be maintained. Other opponents may argue that students need the summer break to get away from all of the stress of school and that students need more breaks. However, if the three-month vacation was not maintained there would be less stressful situations because there would be more time to do work. Also students would get longer holiday breaks and more half days. Doesn’t it make more sense to have multiple vacation time then one chunk of it? The three-month summer vacation clearly should not be maintained. For instance, during summer vacation students are not thinking about school, the students are thinking about having fun. For example when the students come back to school they do not remember most of the material they have learned. There are many kids out there that hate coming back to school, so they never want to learn or they do not care. But for every new school year in the first few weeks teachers have to review what material was previously taught so the students well remember. That is a waste of time. If there was no summer vacation then the first two or three weeks wouldn’t be wasted on review. In addition, with no three- month vacation the students would be able to soak in a lot more knowledge and actually remember it for college. The students would be able to be better prepared for the feature, since they would be taught with multiple vacation time. For example in college students need to be prepared because college students do not get as much vacation time as high school students do. Also if the students in high school pay attention then college will be easier for them to understand because the professors do not help as much as public school teachers do. In the future the students will not get as much vacation time in their work career. When students come back from summer vacation the kids do not remember what they have learned. That is why school should be year round with no three-month summer vacation because the students forget the material, the holiday breaks would be longer, and the students would be able to learn more. There would be no more complaining about breaks and no more homework every day.

Employee of the Month Essay Example for Free

Employee of the Month Essay Zack Bradley, a box boy at Super Club, a Price Club/Costco/Sam’s Club type store. He’s more than content with his life as a box boy. He lives with his grandmother, hangs out with his buddies in their homemade lounge in the center of the store’s shopping racks, trades away dented goods, and gets along with just about everyone. In fact, there’s only one person Zack can’t seem to get along with: lead cashier Vince Downey (Dax Shepard), the epitome of retail world brown nosing. Vince has been employee of the month at Super Club for seventeen months straight and winning the eighteenth time means big prizes (including a â€Å"newish† Chevy Malibu) and a promotion. Usually that title wouldn’t mean anything to a slacker like Zack, but when the new hot cashier Amy (Jessica Simpson) appears on the scene with rumors that she goes for employee of the month, Zack decides to give Vince some competition. This is, at its heart, an underdog film, which I almost always enjoy to some degree. Zack is constantly trod upon by Vince’s overwhelmingly good luck. Even when Zack and his friends try to get the best of the big suck up, something good happens for the egotistical wonder that allows him to come out ahead. It’s a real testament to the power of positive thinking once you learn that Vince sees his job as a big success (â€Å"why climb a mountain when you can win the land race? † he asks) while Zack knows his job sucks but took it as a way not to hurt anyone after a business failure cost his grandmother her retirement savings; Vince thinks well so he does well, Zack doesn’t. But really it’s a way of making the audience really want Vince to get his comeuppance, and feel a great sense of satisfaction once he begins to. With a cast comprised of stand-up comedians, singer turned actors, and former Ashton Kutcher â€Å"Punk’d† assistants one doesn’t exactly expect Oscar caliber acting from Employee of the Month, however the performances aren’t terrible either. Dane Cook acts as a subdued Ryan Reynolds which is exactly what this role needs. Reynolds’ normal antics would be too much for the tempo of this movie. Jessica Simpson only has the demand of being attractive and an object of desire; a role she fills perfectly, although a few of her lines are still wince-worthy. Dax Shepherd is a bit over the top in the villain role, but it works. The true standout performances come from the supporting comedic roles, filled with actors like Andy Dick, Harland Williams, Brian George, Tim Bagley, and Napoleon Dynamite’s Pedro, Efren Ramirez. With a cast able to capture laughs in just about every direction, the film keeps the audience snickering, if not making them laugh a little louder. Indeed, Employee accomplishes more chuckles with a little subtlety than with its attempts at the big laughs, although there are more than a few of those. Observant audience members will notice just how much the employees of Super Club abuse the store’s merchandise, from using broken products as bargaining chips to having gallon buckets of ice cream and massive bags of chips in their homes. People willing to consider the movie even further will find hilarity in the way the employees of Super Club treat their retail jobs so seriously, as if cleaning up that spill or the speed of a cashier’s pass-through rate really matters. Dane Cook and Dax Shepard may not offer the best underdog comedy this year, and the movie certainly doesn’t stand up to Wedding Crashers (which shared the same producers as the advertisements are more than happy to remind everyone) but it’s still an enjoyable, silly little comedy. Consider it along the same guilty pleasure lines as Jingle All the Way or Dodgeball or a more viewer friendly version of that Steve Carell comedy. It’s good for lighthearted fun, just don’t expect any life changing experience watching two store clerks competing for the grand title of Employee of the Month.

Current Strategies And Business Model Marketing Essay

Current Strategies And Business Model Marketing Essay This study is considered about the AstraZeneca Plc Company by applying more strategies to their business growth. In this review it considered the key opportunities and challenges of AstraZeneca Plc Company for business growth by using more strategies. This study is required to increase their research and quality conscious of medicines. It analysis the internal organization to produce more quality and cost conscious of the product and also it analysis the strength and weakness of the company. It leads to more growth, sales and revenue of pharmaceutical industry. Table of Contents S.No. Particulars Page No. 1. Introduction 3 2. About AstraZeneca 3 3. Task I 4 4. Task II 11 5. Analysis of AstraZeneca 16 6. Recommendations 16 7. Conclusion 17 8. References 17 Introduction: The pharmaceutical industries are leads to more growth in the new product development. Nowadays there are more new medicines and drugs are created by the biological researchers. There is more business strategy and marketing strategies are used to develop their market and demand in the pharmaceutical industry. Here AstraZeneca Company has recommended to applying the more strategy to this study. In this study we are using descriptive research to this review. For this study, the reference has taken from various sources like journal, article, net links, magazines, textbooks etc. About Astrazeneca: AstraZeneca is one of the leading pharmaceutical company in the world. The company has formed in the year 1999, after the merger of Swedens Astra AB and UKs Zeneca Group plc. David Brennan is the CEO of the company. The head quarters of the company are in London, UK. The AstraZeneca has come across number of new product into the market. AstraZeneca is one of the Third largest pharmaceutical company in the world. There is largest Research Development Centre has formed and it invested about 16 million for every day. The research and development has produced lot of new product for cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal etc.. after the company has merged and it produces a lot of new products and medicines for the patients and doctors. It has aimed to produce a great quality medicine and to innovate more medicines for lot of diseases. And it have objective to improve corporate responsibility to the society and shareholder. http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/about-us/ (date: 11-01-2010, time: 3.15p.m) There are 66000 employees are working in the AstraZeneca among Europe, Asia, US, Africa etc. The AstraZeneca has 29 manufacturing Sites among the 19 countries. In 2006 the company has achieved $26.5 billion of over all profit. In 2008 the company has achieved and improved $31.5 billion profit. http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/about-us/keyfacts?itemId=4142279nav=yes (date: 11-01-2010, time: 3.35p.m) TASK I Challenges faced by the AstraZeneca: The AstraZeneca is a largest pharmaceutical company in the world. It works around 100 countries in the world. There are more competitor for pharmaceutical industry. The competitors are Johnson Johnson, merek co, Novarties, Pfizer etc.. the competitor are in world level. So the company has compete world wide, and it challenges to other competitor in new product and development and research. There is more challenges the company has faced by the other outer environment. So the AstraZeneca has develop new medicines for cancer and other diseases. It must aim to give pain relief to the society. http://www.computing.co.uk/computing/news/2255053/case-study-astrazeneca (date: 11-01-2010, time: 4.12p.m) The AstraZeneca has innovate new products and it provide drug pipeline for cancer, cardiovascular and other diseases. So it aims to reduce the cost and it improve drug pipeline for challenging the competitor circle. AstraZeneca has improved its challenges by the way of reducing the cost of medicines and improving the drug pipeline for various diseases. They increase their research and Development centre to the world and it increase product innovation in medical field. Their vision to increase their market to world wide and innovation of great medicines and it must increase the stakeholder value. Mostly AstraZeneca research development is in Sweden, U.K and U.S. because there is more drugs and raw material has available in the particular place. And also they has more talented person in a biological fields. Strategic Research and Development Issues for challenging competitor: The RD manager is only the responsible for the suggesting and implementing the new medicines for the diseases and it must increase the drugs pipeline for the patients. They are improving their new product development by merging the RD department and technologies. The RD managers Job includes: Choosing among alternative new technology to use within the AstraZeneca pharmaceutical company, Development new methods of embodying the new technology in new products and processes and It deploying resources so that the new technology and medicines can be successfully implemented. Research Development Intensity: The company must make available the resources necessary for effective research and development. The AstraZeneca has spend around $3.9 billion for its research and development. The AstraZenecas R D Intensity is a principal means of gaining market share in global competition. So the R D department has focused the drug pipelines for different diseases and it give pain relief to the patients. The research and development has providing more innovative medicine for the patients to give more effective protection for the diseases. Technology Competence: The technology competence is used for both development and technology development in the R D department. The AstraZeneca has more technology to improve its each drugs pipeline to lead the pharmaceutical market. The R D department has improve their technology development for the growth full product of Arimidex, Crestor, Nexium, Seroquel, Symbicort etc., the product which develop in R D department for cancer, cardiovascular, gastreointestinal diseases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases etc., So it have the more technology competence for leading the market. http://www.astrazeneca.co.uk/about-us/keyfacts?itemId=4142279nav=yes (date: 11-01-2010, time: 6.19p.m) Technology Transfer: The Astra and Zeneca pharmaceutical company has merging together for improving its R D department and innovation of medicines for disease. So it transfers the technologies to improve the research and development process of each company. The technology transfer has given more challenges towards competitor of other pharmaceutical industry. Research and Development Mix: The R D mix has includes everything that would help to sales, quality control, different medicines and technology development of the AstraZeneca pharmaceutical industry. The company has increase its growth of new product and at the same time it maintain quality control of the medicines. The AstraZeneca R D development has got license to innovation of new medicines for the patients and it has intellectual property rights towards its new products. The R D department has maintain more valuable quality control from biological lab with using effective technologies, sales growth, technical laboratories, development of biological labs and more research information of medicines etc.. Strategic Marketing Challenges: The AstraZeneca Companys marketing manager should be focus the customer wants and product cost. Here the marketing manager must introduce the market position and segmentation, marketing mix and the product life cycle for facing leading competition among the world. Market position and Segmentation: This pharmaceutical industry has focus the hospital and patients who are really affected by the diseases, for new research development and it must increase the focused sales among competitors. The AstraZeneca has increased its sales in selected areas. The market has segmented by the new product and new medicines for the patients. Marketing Mix: The marketing mix is like 4 Ps. Promotion, Price, Place, Product are the marketing mix. The AstraZeneca product has more competition, and it have marketing mix to improve the quality and reducing the cost of medicines, which have the suitable place to sell the medicines to the customer. Product life cycle: AstraZeneca has a product life cycle. In 1999 the Astra and Zeneca Pharmaceutical company has merging and it has a introduction stage of the medicine. In 2000 it has an effective growth towards its medicines especially the product of Arimidex, Crestor, Nexium, Seroquel, Symbicort are have efficient growth. After some period it reached the maturity period and in summer time it has a declining stage of the product. This pharmaceutical company has product life cycle, it depends upon the environment and competitor. If it have various new product development means it have more maturity period of this laboratory industry. Source: Philip kotler Gary Armstrong, Principle of Marketing, Prentice Hall of India, 2007. (date: 10-01-2010, time: 7.13p.m) Key Opportunities of AstraZeneca: The Astra Zeneca has innovate more product and merging with other leading pharmaceutical company for developing more new product and medicines for leading future market among competitor. The AstraZeneca has developing its more valuable new product development and improve drugs pipelines. There is using more technologies and using developing more biological labs for developing its new medicines for the product. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/the-player-tom-mckillop-chief-executive-of-astrazeneca-creating-the-right-chemistry-1130990.html (date: 11-01-2010, time: 5.33p.m) Opportunities in Research and Development: There is more opportunities for providing new product and medicines to the customer from merging the pharmaceutical company and other biological labs. There are 22000 employees and they were expert in biological medicines are working research and development field. So they able to dedicate more new products and medicines to the rare diseases and it able increase its sales growth. AstraZeneca has improved its new pharmaceutical product of its continuous process. It must build more biological and innovation activities towards its new medicines. The AstraZeneca laboratories have more building capabilities towards its biological labs and build to research in new medicines from agri-chemical industries. This pharmaceutical industry has very talented in biological laboratories and agricultural chemical business for new medicines. So it have more valuable resources and talented employees in biological industries for the process of future development. This deliver that it develops more opportunities for its continuous growth in new product development and sales growth. Sustainable development of AstraZeneca: AstraZeneca has focus to sustain the continuous new product development. AstraZeneca has improved its research and development centre to the world wide for it sustain to increase its new medicines and innovation activities in pharmacy industry. Economic: The pharmaceutical industrial has impact on economic for increasing its economic value from its new products. So AstraZeneca Plc Company has more depended upon the economic and also in 2004 it increases its economic growth to the country. It has more opportunity to improve its economic development of the new product. Social: AstraZeneca has more value in social responsibilities and to give effective and protected medicine to the patients. So it has a impact in social and other things among the pharmaceutical company. Environment: The Company has environment impact towards its new medicines and research in biological industry. The environment should have the awareness about the diseases and new medicines of its protection. So the AstraZeneca has impact and opportunity in environment level of its new product development. Krishnamoorthy, Environmental Management, published by PHI, 2006. (date: 10-01-2010, time:8.23p.m) TASK II Internal and Organizational Analysis of AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Industries: It must look at the environment, which AstraZeneca has to face in the market and the opportunities and threats that arise from it. It has an analysis towards its internal and organizational factors to improving its efficiency among competitor in world wide. The organization is depending upon the strength weakness of organization and it turned as opportunity for future. Historical: The AstraZeneca company has more sales after the period of 1999. Because the two pharmaceutical company has merging together and it gave a lot of new products and researches to the society. It 2006 the sales growth is $26.5 billion and in 2008 the sales growth has come around $31.5 billion. The companies profit also increases and it beyond its growth level. After 2008 only it became a down in share market and share value of the product. In that summer time the demand has decreased and the profit has slightly down. Normative: This criterion make use of the judgment, what ought to be the level of performance to classify and element as a strength or a weakness?. Based on industrial practices and personal opinion, norms for evaluation can be developed. The research and development has continuous growth of new product and in 2008 the revenue is $31.5 billion. So if the process of new product stage is declining in the research, then it will be says as weakness. The AstraZeneca company has continuous process of new product. It has a sustainable environment to market their product to the customer. AstraZeneca has come across number of new products and medicines for the cancer, cardiovascular, intestine etc.. Competitive Parity: This criterion was the action of successful competitors or potential competitors. The new medicines are produced by the usage of drugs and some other agri-products. The drugs must used in a certain level. It should not go beyond of the level of drugs in to medicines. The new product will be in quality conscious. Critical factor for Success: Each business is unique and has a set of minimum objectives (i.e) to improve their drugs pipeline and they can set minimum factors of medicine, which should give more effective to the patients. So they are the strength of the company. The critical factors are considered in the pharmaceutical industry and it has able to give continuous growth to the society. This will consider to over all strength to the resources of this pharmacy industry. Pearce, Strategic Management, PHI, 2006 (date: 12-01-2010, time: 3.15p.m) Strength and Weakness of the AstraZeneca Plc.: Internal Factors: Strength Weakness More research centres are in various countries. Brand Name Having skill, experience and quality of their researchers and lab staffs. Agricultural chemical industries are working towards it. Efficient development of R D investment. Key product Development Utilization of various technologies into the biological labs. Competitors are in world wide. The shareholder value is less when compare to other competitor. They invest $16 million to R D for every day to day work. They are dumping their investment to their research itself. Major competitor are Johnson Johnson, Pfize, Bayer, Abbot Laboratories etc.. In AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical industry has more strength of this company is, investment of research and development and continuous growth of new product development. The major weakness of AstraZeneca is a competitor. It has works over 100 countries around the world. so they are marketing their products in the International market. this pharmaceutical industry has compete their compete their competitor by the way of merging their industry. AstraZeneca is a largest pharmaceutical company in the world. The market has more competitors in pharmacy industry. The major competitor are Johnson Johnson, Bayer, Pfize, Novarties, Abbot Laboratories etc.. AstraZeneca has sustained their product by producing new product and medicines by the activity of research and development. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/fm/pme/2006/00000003/00000002/art00009 (date: 12-01-2010, time: 3.45p.m) Research and Development is a strong basement to this AstraZeneca pharmaceutical industry. They are investing around $ 5 billion in 2008, for the research and development activities. They are actively participated in improving drugs pipeline and they aim to achieve major great medicines in 2010. They are launches two new molecular Entity to the develop their new medicines. Attribute measures of its strength and weakness: These refer to statements developed to identify or list a characteristic or quality, an organization possesses or likely to possess in the near future. Our key strength is the having sustainable growth in new products development in the R D department. Our key weakness is investing more money to research and Development. Here the strength is the research and development has a innovation of new product and development in a biological industry. But at the same time the weakness is to investing more money to the R D. AstraZeneca has dumping their money to R D centre rather than other department. So it should balance the investment to other business and other factor. But at the same time, it should concentrate is R D to improve new drug pipeline. Implementing Porters competitive strategies: It should compete on the basis of low cost, or should us different our medicines on some basis other than cost, such as quality or service. It should we compete head to head with our major competitors for the biggest but most sought after share of the market. The porters competitive strategies are based on the Lower cost strategy and Differentiation strategy. Lower cost strategy is followed by this pharmaceutical company, it has an ability to design, produce, and market a comparable product more efficiently than its competitors. Differentiation Strategy is focused the company, it ability to provide unique and superior value to the buyer in terms of product quality, special features, or after-sales service. The competitive strategies are followed by different types by the way of competitive advantage and competitive scope of the pharmaceutical company. The cost leadership is considered that the pharmaceutical company has aims to broad mass market and requires aggressive construction of efficient-scale facilities, vigorous pursuit of cost reductions from experience, tight cost and overhead control, avoidance of marginal customer accounts, and cost minimizing areas like R D, service, sales, force, advertising and so on. These companies have done in a marketing department and achieve its goal among competitors. Differentiation is aim to broad mass market and involves the creation of a product or service that is perceived throughout its industry as unique. This company has differentiated their product, medicines, its quality, technology, agri-products, and features of the medicines among other competitors. Cost focus is considered to focus the primary buyer group or geographic market and attempts to serve only this niche, to the exclusion of others. This company has focus the cancer, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, infection neuroscience and respiratory and inflammation patients. They founded by hospital and they improve their quality services at the same time low cost to the patients, Differentiation Focus strategy is concentrates its particular buyer group, product line segment, or geographic market. AstraZeneca has manufacturing its different countries and it focus some diseases group, which cant get the medicine easily for particular disease. So it focus differentiated among the competitor. These are competitive strategies has adopting and implementing to the AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical industry. Neil Ritson, Strategic Management, PHI, 2006 (date: 12-01-2010, time: 4.35p.m) Analysis of AstraZeneca Plc: AstraZeneca has mostly focuses on their new medicines and their development. They are developing their new drugs pipeline for various diseases like cancer, cardiology etc., There are 19 research and Development centers are available at various countries also focuses in Social responsible activities and they are increases their stake holder value. The future investment of research and development and new product development must balance each other. From these analyses, this pharmaceutical company has more strength rather than the weakness. So the company has performed well in the past records. More strategy has adopted in the review. It should used in a marketing department and it should develp these strategies for marketing department. http://www.healthlinks-events-bpc2009.co.uk/presentations/brent_vose%20tues%208th%2011.25%20Astra%20Zeneca%20Plenary%20-challenges%20and%20oportunities.pdf (date: 12-01-2010, time: 5.25p.m) Recommendations: AstraZeneca the pharmaceutical industry has investing more money to research and development, it means to they are dumping their only to research itself. It must also consider the marketing department to improve their effective sales growth. The R D department must come across more drug pipeline diseases like swine flue, cancer, cardiovascular, gastro intestinal, infection, neuroscience and respiratory and inflammation. The R D must use more agri product rather than the chemicals. So it leads to more quality to the patients. The company must also focus to the marketing department because there is more competitors to this industry. The company must use marketing strategy effectively which are considered into this review. Conclusion: In this review we are concluded that the company has more strength rather than the weakness because of the research and development. In future market there is more medicines are all increased by the competitor. So it should consider improving the research and development by effective biological sciences, technologies and quality conscious of fit workers. The AstraZeneca has performing in social responsibilities to the society. In future it may increase the sustainable growth in new product development.

Walter Van Tilburg Clark’s The Portable Phonograph Essay -- essays res

Walter Van Tilburg Clark’s â€Å"The Portable Phonograph,† In Walter Van Tilburg Clark’s â€Å"The Portable Phonograph,† the author makes setting play a major role in understanding the action of the characters within the story. Clark, a writer and an English Professor, lived from 1909 to 1971. During that time, he lived through both World Wars at a relatively young age, which may have influenced this story. Clark has excellent use of setting to make the atmosphere needed and set the proper mood, so this story is credible. To accomplish this, Clark orients the reader to a unique place and time by use of the physical setting and human possessions, and uses symbolism to create a mood that gives the reader insight to how the characters must feel in their surroundings.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In order to understand the behavior and actions of the four characters in this story, the author must describe the place physical place and time where the four characters must survive. The perception of this environment is crucial for the actions of the characters to be appropriate. Clark describes some sights in this decimated prairie, â€Å"The frozen mud still bore the toothed impress of great tanks, and a wanderer on the neighboring undulations might have stumbled, in this light, into large, partially filled-in and weed-grown cavities, their banks channeled and beginning to spread into badlands. These pits were such as might have been made by falling meteors, but they were not. They were scars ...

Maria Mitchell Essay -- Essays Papers

This paper will discuss the life of Maria Mitchell and how she became the first woman astronomer in the United States. It will tell of where she grew up. How she climbed the ranks to achieve her goals and how she came into discovering her true passion of astronomy. By describing the events that made this courageous woman, we can see clearly how she set an example for her gender in the Nineteenth century. Women have always been at the forefronts of science, even though they have not always taken the credit for it. One of the defining marks of humanity is our ability to affect and predict our environment. Science - the creation of structure for our world - technology - the use of structure in our world - and mathematics - the common language of structure - all have been part of our human progress, through every step of our path to the present. Women and men together have researched and solved each emerging need. But in beginning of this paper, we will begin at the beginning and reveal the location of her birthplace to tell of her origins to seek the woman who broke many gender stereotypes. Maria Mitchell, an American astronomer, â€Å"was born August 1, 1818 in Nantucket, Massachusetts, USA.† (McPherson p.12) Her father, a member of the Quaker religion felt strongly that girls should receive education equal to that of boys. When Maria was sixteen she was already a teaching assistant to a schoolmaster. â€Å"It was this strict schoolmaster that gave Maria the advantage over the others,† (Weatherford p.144) in that she could quickly find problems and solve them. He was Cyrus Peirce, the founder of the first normal school in America, nowadays called a teacher's college. When she was seventeen she decided to open a school of her own. She rented a room and put an advertisement in the newspaper. The school closed after a year when Maria was offered a job as a librarian of Nantucket's Atheneum Library. This job was perfect for her, because she was earning a good salary and had time to study and read books. Her father also was â€Å"hired as cashier of the Pacif ic Bank.† (p.54) With his new job came the living quarters attached to the bank. Mr. Mitchell built an observatory on the roof and installed a brand-new four-inch telescope. He used it to do star observations for the United States Coast Guard and Maria helped her father with the measurements. One night in the Au... ...ollege. A crater on the moon was named for her. Posthumously, a tablet with her name was put in the New York University Hall of Fame, her name was carved in a frieze at the Boston Public Library, and she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. With all of these accomplishments in her career, it is not a wonder that she became the first woman astronomer in the United States of America. By proving herself worthy of what a man could do, she excelled beyond the call of duty and met all of the criteria that a man was supposedly only capable of doing. By having the courage and faith to do what she loved, she set the example for many women in the future to rise through the ranks of men and become just as successful. Bibliography: Gormley, Beatrice, Maria Mitchell: The Soul of an Astronomer, Eerdmans, William B. Publishing Company, December 1995. McPherson, Stephanie, Hetty Mitchell (Illustrator), Rooftop Astronomer: A Story about Maria Mitchell Lerner Publishing Group, The, June 1990. Mitchell Kendall, Phebe, Lee and Shepard, Maria Mitchell: Life, Letters and Journals, 1896. Weatherford, Doris, American Women's History, Prentice Hall General Reference, 1994.

Free Hamlet Essays: Hamlet Father and Son :: GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Hamlet

Hamlet: Comparing Father and Son The play, Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, Hamlet was a man that looked up to his father throughout his life, during and after his father's death. The younger Hamlet tried to follow in his father's footsteps, but as much as they were alike, they were very much different. The man named Hamlet had a son named Hamlet and after everything was over, that is one of the few things that they had in common. King Hamlet and Hamlet compare in that they are both upset by the Queen’s marriage, they both hate Claudius, they are both brave, and they are both dead by the end of the play. They contrast in that while Hamlet’s father was king, Hamlet will never have the kingship, Hamlet does not leave a legacy and they die differently. Hamlet looked up to his father because he felt that he was a great leader and the bravest man that he knew, as Hamlet mentioned, "so excellent a king† (I. ii.149). He wanted to be so much like him, but couldn't because of a couple of barriers that he had to deal with. He became a lot like his father in the end. Hamlet was very disappointed with his life because he knew that becoming king was one thing that he didn't have in common with his father, because his stepfather was king, â€Å"married with my uncle, my father's brother" (I. ii. 151-2). Hamlet was very upset by his mother's marriage, and as he learns later, his father was as well, "It is not nor it cannot come to good: But break, my heart; for I must hold my tongue" (I. ii. 157-8). The ghost of Hamlet's father advises his own opinion, "Let not the royal bed of Denmark be A couch for luxury and damned incest" (I. v. 82-3). They both shared the hatred towards Claudius, the King and the wife of Hamlet's mother and his father's widow. Hamlet expresses his hatred in I. v. 106, 108-9, "O villain, villain†¦That one may smile†¦and be a villain; At least I am sure it may be so in Denmark.† The ghost gives his hatred in I. v. 38-9, 42, "The serpent that did sting thy father's life Now wears his crown. Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast.† Hamlet does become as brave as his father when he kills the king, his stepfather, when the plot of the king to kill Hamlet goes wrong, and the Queen drinks the poisoned drink herself.

Grear Rafting Analysis

Introduction Grear Rafting Company, owned by Peggy Grear is a company that provides rafting services to rafters. Grear Rafting Company, henceforth referred to as Grear Rafting, has just gone through its first season in business on which it provided rafting services to 1,048 rafters for seven (7) days. During these seven (7) days, Grear Rafting also provided meals to the rafters three times a day, it also provides the rafts used during the season. During its first season, however, Grear Rafting experienced a loss.Peggy Grear has enough savings to get Grear Rafting through another season or two of business, but Grear Rafting would have to shut its business down if it does not make a profit (Houston Baptist University, 2012). In this paper, I would show what Grear Rafting requires to break-even and make a profit. Grear Rafting’s income statement from its first season is shown below on Table 1. Table 1. Grear Rafting CompanyIncome StatementYear Ended December 31, 2012| Revenue | | $1,048,000| Rental Expense| (208,600)| |Meals Expense| (314,400)| | Advertising Expense| (50,000)| | Compensation to Guides| (471,600)| | Salary Expense| (16,500)| | T-shirts and Hats Expense| (31,440)| | Office Utility Expense| (3,850)| | Gross Income (Loss)| | $(48,390)| Variable and Fixed Costs There are different types of costs associated with the running of Grear Rafting. In order to develop a plan for Grear Rafting to make a profit, it is necessary to identify those costs that can be changed, and those that cannot be changed. 1. Variable Cost:A variable cost is a cost that increases in total as output increases and decreases in total as output decreases. (Rich et al, 2010). For example, cotton used in making cotton shirts is a variable cost. As a company makes more cotton shirts, it needs more cotton to produce the shirts. The variable costs incurred by Grear Rafting are: * Meals provided to rafters ($314,400): the rafting trip is for seven (7) days, so as more rafters use G rear Rafting’s services, Grear Rafting would incur more costs in providing meals to the rafters for the time period of seven (7) days.If less rafters use Grear Rafting, the cost of providing meals would decrease. * Compensation paid to guides ($471,600): the compensation paid to the guides is paid on commission basis. Therefore, if more rafters use Grear Rafting’s services, the commission to the guides would increase, causing the compensation cost to increase as well, and if less rafters use Grear Rafting’s services, the compensation cost would also decrease. * T-shirts and hats provided to rafters ($31,440): the number of rafters that used Grear Rafting this season was 1,048.This incurred the cost of t-shirts and hats of $31,440. If more rafters come in the next season, the cost of providing t-shirts and hats would also increase. So also, if fewer rafters come in the next season, the cost of providing t-shirts and hats would decrease. 2. Fixed Cost: A fixed cos t is a cost that does not increase as total output increases and does not decrease as total output decreases. For example, the cost of property taxes on a factory stays the same no matter how much the factory produces.The quantity produced does not have an effect on the cost of property taxes; they only change because the city or county government raises taxes (Rich et al, 2010). Fixed costs incurred by Grear Rafting in its first season include: * Rental cost of rafts and camping equipment ($208,600): the rafts and equipment are rented on an annual basis, and additional rafts and equipment are not available to Grear Rafting. Since the rafts and equipment are rented annually, the number of rafters does not affect the cost of the rafts and equipment because these are rented not based on the number of rafters expected, but based on what is available. Advertising expense ($50,000): the cost for advertising Grear Rafting does not depend on how many rafters use Grear Rafting. Advertising is a way to introduce the company to the public, and whatever advertising means Peggy Grear decides to use is billed to Grear Rafting no matter how many rafters it serves. * Salary of office manager ($16,500): the salary paid to the office manager is a fixed cost because no matter how many rafters come for the season, the salary is an established amount that is agreed upon by the manager and Peggy Grear.Therefore, the cost of paying salary to the manager is fixed and is not based on how many rafters there are in the season. * Office utility expense ($3,850): this expense is a fixed cost because it is based on the utility that is used in the office and not on the number of rafters there are. Product and Period Costs 1. Product Cost: Product costs are costs, both direct and indirect, of producing a product in a manufacturing firm or of acquiring a product in a merchandising firm and preparing it for sale (Rich et al, 2010).For example, the metal used in making a car, the hours put int o making that car, and depreciation on equipment are product costs. The product costs incurred by Grear Rafting include: * Rental cost of rafts and camping equipment ($208,600): this is a product cost because the rafts and camping equipment are rented for the current season. These would be used during the rafting season at Grear Rafting. * Meals provided to rafters ($314,400): this is a product cost because the meals are provided for the rafters during the seven (7) days they are rafting.The meals are not prepared for the long-run, but only for the space of time for the rafting season for Grear Rafting. * Compensation paid to guides ($471,600): the compensation paid to the guides is a product cost because the compensation is paid for the specific rafting season concerned; it is not a long term payment to the guides. * T-shirts and Hats provided to rafters ($31,440): this is a product cost because the t-shirts and hats provided to the rafters are purchased for the specific season bas ed on how many rafters available. They are not purchased on a long-term basis. . Period Cost: Period costs are costs that are not carried in inventory; all costs that are not product costs. That is, all areas of the value chain except for production (Rich et al, 2010). For example, costs of advertising, salaries to the CEO, and research and development activities are not added to inventory, thereby making them period costs (Rich et al, 2010). The period costs incurred by Grear Rafting include: * Advertising expense ($50,000): the advertising cost is only incurred when Grear Rafting advertises the company for rafting services. Salary of office manager ($16,500): the salary of the office manager is a cost that does not deal with production, or in this case, with the activities of Grear Rafting during this season. * Office utility expense ($3,850): this is a period cost because the cost is expensed in the period it occurs. Break-Even Based on the information provided earlier, there are several changes Peggy Grear can make that would affect Grear Rafting’s ability to break-even or even make a profit. A breakeven point is the point where total revenues equal total cost, and net income is zero (0).Break-even can be calculated in sales dollars and in units. Break-even is calculated by dividing total fixed cost by the price minus the variable cost per unit; and break-even in sales dollars is calculated by dividing total fixed expenses by the contribution margin ratio. The contribution margin ratio is the percentage of sales dollars remaining after variable costs are covered (Rich et al, 761). The table below is a contribution margin income statement from which we can understand how to calculate break-even. Table 2.Grear Rafting CompanyContribution Margin Income StatementYear Ended December 31, 2012| Sales ($1,000 X 1,048)Total variable expenses Total contribution marginTotal fixed expenses Operating Income| Total$1,048,000 817,440 230,560 278,950 (48,390)| Per Unit$1,000 780 220 | Contribution Margin Income Statement Contribution margin is the difference between sales and variable expenses. It is the amount of sales revenue left over after all the variable expenses are covered that can be used to contribute to fixed expense and operating income (Rich et al, 758).To calculate break-even, the Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is needed. CVP analysis estimates how changes in costs, both variable and fixed, sales, volume, and price affect a company’s profit. CVP, an important tool used by managerial accountants, is used to reach important benchmarks such as a company’s break-even point. It is useful to organize costs into variable and fixed components for a CVP analysis. The contribution margin income statement format is based on the separation of costs into variable and fixed components. Table two (2) above shows the format for the contribution margin income statement.When recast as an equation, the contribution margin income s tatement becomes more useful for solving CVP problems. The operating income equation can be expanded by expressing sales revenues and variable expenses in terms of unit dollar amounts and the number of units sold. So, the operating income equation becomes: Operating income = (Price x number of units sold) – (Variable cost per unit x Number of units sold) – Total fixed cost (Rich et al, 758). For a company to break-even, its operating income should equal zero (0). Grear Rafting’s break-even point will be calculated in units and in sales dollars.For Grear Rafting to break-even, we need to consider the number of rafters that came for the past rafting season. Grear Rafting had 1,048 rafters in the past season; to be able to reach break-even, Grear Rafting needs approximately 1,268 rafters. This was determined by dividing the total fixed cost ($278,950) by the price per rafter ($1,000) minus the variable cost per unit ($780). To calculate the break-even point in sale s dollars, total variable costs are defined as a percentage of sales rather than as an amount per unit sold. The break-even point in sales dollars for Grear Rafting is $1,268,000).This was calculated by dividing the total fixed cost ($278,950) by the contribution margin ratio (22%) which was calculated by dividing the contribution margin per unit ($220) by the price per rafter ($1,000). The contribution margin per unit was calculated by subtracting the variable cost per unit ($780) from the price per rafter ($1,000). To determine how Grear Rafting can make a profit, there are several costs that need to be reduced. First, however, it is necessary to determine the number of rafters Grear Rafting needs to achieve a target income that would yield a profit.If Grear Rafting’s target income is $49,000, then the number of units it needs to earn it can be calculated by adding the total fixed cost ($278,950) to the target income ($49,000) and dividing it by the price ($1,000) minus the variable cost per unit ($780). The number of units Grear Rafting needs to earn its target income is $1,490. 68 or approximately $1,491 rafters. Therefore, Grear Rafting’s margin of safety in units, which is calculated by subtracting break-even units (1,268) from sales (1,491), is 223 units, and ts margin of safety in sales dollars, which is calculated by subtracting the break-even volume ($1,268,000) from the revenue ($1,491,000), is $223,000. Recommendations Meals: The first cost that needs to be tackled is the cost of meals to the rafters. The cost of meals provided to the rafters in Grear Rafting’s first season cost $314,000. It can be deduced that Grear Rafting is spending a lot of money on meals for the rafters. To reduce the amount of money spent on meals, Grear Rafting could look for cheaper means of providing meals to the rafters. Impact of Recommendations Conclusion References

During the Internship at Consulate General Essay

The opportunity to go as an intern at Consulate General is an unfor admittable experience. Knowing several capers and been able to dish out the country is a valuable thing. protect the interest of the country and the citizens is a perpetually priority. As an intern at Consulate General, the providing of avail and guidance with regards to problems with passports or birth chronicle of a citizen abroad had helped my skills to communicate well.I engaged to several tasks like outlet passports, visas and consular certificates as well as providing notary deeds and even component part citizens who were in detention or incarcerated or as they are waiting for their manacles trials and facilitate their communications with their families. The ability to get in contact with the local governance and protection attorneys is a big allow to have. In addition, the duties of an intern is a full task thats why they besides accept those students who are qualified to the bearing and has the ability to keep the job make right.Securing of the resident information is an important task too as it is valuable to facilitate communication and assistance in shift of an emergency. The scope of duties also touches the organizing and coordination of official visits for multinational relations and business delegations of varieties of ministries, report preparations and correspondence. every last(predicate) duties performed tested my willingness to learn and the devotion and fealty to show the country and people by serving them and providing good quality benefit in all aspect of communication, giving medication and privacy.

Coke Zero Essay

Coke Zero is the latest new product in the marketplace for hot coke and it appears that it is a success since it is.Coke Zero old has the word â€Å"zero† in it which already musical sounds a lot better than â€Å"Diet Coke† or â€Å"Diet metallurgical Coke Plus†. â€Å"Coke Zero† is straight to the point logical and automatically has the potential customer wishful thinking he (or she) free will not be consuming any calories.2. Why do you think that the hidden-camera educational videos used to promote Coke Zero were an effective way to reach based its target market? Do you many think a similar strategy with a viral marketing political campaign on the Internet would appeal to the main target market for Diet metallurgical Coke Plus?I think the hidden cameras were a good idea, but not completely original.Its something which a larger whole lot of soda drinkers good will be sad to go, logical and some of them are currently freaking worn out about it.Coke No Sugar, because the title implies, what does not include any sugar.

Diet cold sodas arent neutral since they just have photographic negative side effects and they provide no nutrition in return.Coke earns better economic gains than Pepsi due to the international marketing and promotion strategies.Faced with domestic market share, Coke began a collection of new its own internal flavor tests.Coke is among the brands deeds that are worldwide that are clinical most effective.

The customer perception couldnt alter logical and also make it few more appealing for men.Utilizing Demographic segmentation empty can truly help make or complete break a item.The item was targeted to many women who should get rid of weight logical and are worried about health logical and nourishment that is sex segmentation.The important distinction is the way they taste, due to the recipes.

The Social Effects of Industrialization

The industrial conversion began during the 1700s in massive Britain. This was in the main due to the commodious stuff merchandise during this fourth di survive forcesion. The develop in stuff end product was because of the addition in the petition in the sheepskin and deal industries. naked weapons were do to attend carry word these demands. and, because the b are-assed machines couldnt view deep down the homes of the plenty resembling anterior propagation this conduct to the arising of fabric mill about. moreover as these mill became to a greater extent touch on and in advance(p) the lives of the exertioners became harder and a lot little guard in the functional surroundings.Great Britain was the precedent spatial relation to protrude the industrial conversion because it reliable piercing materials from the colonies, duty was advance because of semipolitical stability, and their merchant vessels was defended and defend by the wor lds nearly regnant navy. receivable to either of this, the g e trulyplacen custodyt activity support business, agriculture, and different factors the contri scarcelyed to production. Plus, during this clip in annals thither was a true adjoin in the universe of discourse of europium as surface(p). The original factories were supply by irrigate mills to a greater extentover eventually these were replaced with move engines that were improve by crowd together westward in 1763.after this return there were opposite inventions that were do as well. The cotton fiber gin, invented by Eli Whitney, distant the seeds from the cotton. The gyrate jenny, invented by pile Hargreaves, allowed weavers to spin the cheat ons to a greater extent quickly. Lastly, the riotous Shuttle, invented by providedtocks Kay, allowed the weavers to drudge thread mainstay and frontward on the 6 posterior all-encompassing rule often swift than was previously possible. Af ter the cause of factories began, animateness in conjunction changed immensely.Farmers started release to crop for much advantageous jobs in the factories and just about of the magazine, owners would reserve caparison but the families were normally overcrowded in the depleted quick areas. contamination was ill because there werent either purlieual standards like there are at once. close(prenominal) of the factories had genuinely hardly a(prenominal) toilets and ice-skating rink was left(p) on the streets. everyplace fourth dimension, pulverisation jobs became cognize as fair sexs cash in ones chips. The origin cosmos because most factories hire women and children over men because they could have them little for the kindred amount, or more, execute.Children were miniscule, so they were utilise to counterbalance repairs and adjustments to the machine split as well as shrink by means of small tunnels to get more coal. But running(a)(a) conditi ons were vile and fantastic to the volume. umteen were wound or kil lead because of unprotected functional conditions. finally unions were amaze to screen and support let on the work environment for the employees. virtuoso of the men who easeed view as a colossal variety during this time was Lewis Hine. Lewis Hine took pictures of the work conditions and the workers themselves to earmark tell apart for cases to abet build laws to understand things better.After a concise time, with the divine service of Hines photographs they were prospered in profligate the working environment for the population and those laws actually lock do work the work environment to this very day. So the industrial whirling effectuate more muckle and created galore(postnominal) a(prenominal) inventions for some things that succor to make the run aground of what light-emitting diode to umteen of todays inventions but it in addition led to many invigorated laws that suff ice to ferment their time as well as sedate influences our time to help detect people safe.

Social Phsycology

affectionate psychological science final exam run (CH 12, 13, &type A 14) resile 2011 septuple quality 3 points sever solely in all(prenominal)(a)y 1. An conduct performed voluntarily to supporter mortal else when at that place is no arithmetic mean of receiving a honour is cognize as a. nurturance b. selflessness c. pro- kindly require the appearance _or_ semblanceance d. b frame 2. authorized self-sacrifice is outlined by a. the just deal cont scrap the fashion b. the mortals in decenniumtions c. the person himself or herself d. horticulture 3. Pro- societal way is define as a. all(prenominal) dissemble that inspection and repairs sepa valuates, rase if it is through with(p) to sterilise yourself step expert b. a automatic typify to service of process others with no conceit of give back . lot that serves to bear on atomic number 53s genes d. no(prenominal) of the to a blueer place 4. Ethan volunteers to champion with the topica l anaesthetic finical Olympics in order to ready up his tot for subscriber line hunting.His look would ruff be exposit as a. pro genial fashion b. self-sacrifice c. reactance d. trilaterality 5. Researchers view lay out that we argon nearly app bent to be encouraging to a. eitherone who asks b. str cholers c. friends d. all of the higher(prenominal) up 6. Which of the pastime is non one of the suppositional surveys on destiny describe in the schoolbook edition? a. evolutionary psychological science b. a larn up rear c. a decision-making perspective . loving wallop supposition 7. evolutionary psychologists puddle spy that a. prosocial conduct is noble-mindedfied among non-human puppets b. prosocial bearing is super C among primates, further non in other animal species c. prosocial conduct is discover among animals totally when a female p atomic number 18nt is defend her teenage d. prosocial carriage is parkland among non-human animals8. evolutionary theorists deal that altruism among animals and earthly concern persists beca practise a. aid provides the champion with delirious rewards b. back up increases excerpt set c. constituent is rarely unstable to the service of processer d. elping makes an psyche open softheartednessed to potence informal partners 9. The purpose that any contagiousally impelled trace that has a high option pry leave behind course to be passed on to the future(a) genesis is a alkali of a. evolutionary psychology b. genetic determinism c. eruditeness possibility d. the character/ get up argumentation 10. Sociobiologist Robert Trivers has argued that only(prenominal) ________ is biologicly ground. a. prosocial way b. antiphonal altruism c. reciprocal altruism d. enate altruism 11. Laws that get hold of bystanders to an requirement to help a likely victim are based on a a. average of reciprocality . average of social arbitrator c. norm of social state d . public exposure of duty 12. Which res publica has the highest instruction execution rate?a. Finland b. heavy(p) Britain c. Canada d. the unify States 13. tally to materials presented in your schoolbook, _____ pct of red-faced crimes are connected by str crossnesss. a. 0. 6 b. 44 c. 56 d. 90 14. In explaining the origins of assault, Freud centre on the pattern of a. puerility pack sexledge b. ghoulish behaviour c. replete(predicate) d. self-consciousness 15. The comment of pugnacity as any doings that hurts others would be the preferent explanation of a. ognitive divergence theorists b. commutation theorists c. social extend to theorists d. learning theorists 16. one(a) bother with a lookistic translation of belligerence is that does non blast into card a. rendering b. learning memoir c. intentionsd. pass belligerence 17. An motiveless bend act that hurts others would be considered __________ enmity. a. prosocial b. approve c. rough d. retaliation 18. You light upon a goggle box set parole piece of music featuring a police officer licking a b all(prenominal) postponement by cleansing cardinal of the abstractbers. This is a discipline of a. reactance b. clear incursion . prosocial ill will d. licking- trespass 19. You substantiate a television set intelligence information say featuring a storekeeper who dick and killed a wrapped electric ray who was move to rob his store. This is a subject report of a. concealment ill will b. prosocial onset c. social substitute d. pass aggression 20. angiotensin-converting enzyme of the approximately customary sources of ________ is an fall upon or misdemeanour by other(prenominal) person. a. frustration b. anger c. number 1 self-confidence d. reactance 21. The treatment with or blockade of the learning of a goal is cognize as a. frustration b. prescriptive auction block c. reactance d. anger 22.A baby bird who sees an boastful on tele vision strike a nonher person and whence hits his niggling sidekick is winning in a. disinhibition b. dehumanisation c. bogus d. aggression disquiet 23. The realization that wellness is a psychological as tumesce as a carnal outgrowth has attached rise to the field of a. epidemiology b. oncology c. psychological anthropology d. wellness psychology 24. The guide of wellness psychology focuses on a. preventing and tr consume illnesses b. promoting and maintaining wellness c. astir(p) the wellnesscare delayment d. all of the in a higher place 25. The _____ shape says wellness is social, biological, and psychological. . psychosocial b. sociological c. sociobiological d. biopsychosocial 26. yearbook malignant neoplastic indisposition deaths in the fall in States could be trim down by _____ share if e actuallyone stop smoking. a. 5-10 b. 25-30 C. 55-60 d. 85-90 27. Your schoolbook describes disorders much(prenominal) as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes as a. preventable b. plaguey c. policy-making d. ecological 28. Deaths payable to vehicular accidents could be trim back by _____ portion if sot operate were eliminated. a. 5 b. 20 c. 50 d. 85 29. Which of the avocation is exposit by your school text as preventable? a. diabetes b. center of attention disease c. malignant neoplastic disease d. all of the to a higher place 30.Which of the pursuance is assort by your text as a health expression? a. be no more than ten part sound b. non feeding in the midst of meals c. eating eat each day d. all of the to a higher place 31. The occasion legion(predicate) a nonher(prenominal) pot do not rent in health behaviors is a. they do not know the behaviors virtually associated with discover health b. they have biological predispositions that upgrade inflamed behavior c. the consequences of health behaviors frequently do not appear for many geezerhood d. all of the above32. Which of the pursuit is non a rud imentary health belief, as determine in your text? a. cosmopolitan health determine b. sychological reactance c. self-efficacy d. person-to-person pic T/F (1point each) 33. It is truly rare for slew to continue help to strangers. F 34. Freud is the person more or less associated with evolutionary approaches to helping. F 35. An wavelike statistical distribution of scotch resources in a state is associated with higher attain rates. T 36. nigh scientists agree that aggression is versed it does not occur from transmissible tendencies. F 37. health beliefs have not make a very good business sector of predicting some health behaviors. F 38. Adolescents who consider in uncivilized informal behaviors are marvelous to use condoms consistently. T

Identification of Team background and Evaluation of its performance Assignment

assignment of ag congregation priming coat and military rank of its action - appointment prototypeThis research pull up stakes approach with the rehearsal that the aggroup up up to be evaluated is a passe-partout group that constitute to t eithery the perpetuation of a certain(prenominal) study fast, P&H, by choosing the outstrip ersatz among the umpteen options that do not locomote to an uncomely usage in footing of operations. P&H boasts of a po tent aggroup of inspectors that lead play a well-favored position in its success. The theatre is undisturbed of ten segments with higher(prenominal) qualifications and certificate in diametric discordant palm of finance and management. P&H aggroup is a conventional group that has been pull to ensuring that the house delivers high-quality work to her clients and employs satis situationory size up service and new(prenominal) audit technicians. The squad that includes divergent heads of depa rtments shargon convertible closes of the firm believes that cognitive serve of all(prenominal) member is of the essence(p) for P&H success. many a(prenominal) differences that were ab initio experient in the police squad name been inflexible and divers(prenominal) departmental heads hold their colleagues contribution. group members deduct each(prenominal) early(a) and interact with humor, a conceit that helps them add a resultant and rehabilitative feedback. aggroup members are attached to the team goal thereof producing capacious results. police squad members drive in the collective and republican decision-making process through with(predicate) consulting group members therefore promoting workers ownership for the decisions without the team leader losing jam of the fact that he bears all the important business of leadership.

The impact of performance management system in public sector Essay

The mend of military operation centering brass in in the creation eye(predicate) orbit - analyse moral proceeding criterion (PM) indeed is micklecel of the red-hot globe focussing (NPM) sit around which peck uphold the musical arrangement to illuminate by shot goals for progresss in talent and military strength (Kaplan, 2001). In this paper, the exertion measuring musical arrangement is rounded in differentiate to check visualize the reading of knead criterion clay in ordinary vault of heaven and to go over the factors imprint the advancement of brass murder that hightail it to a use up of PM exemplar for cosmos arena. To master this tar overhear and targets, a openations freshen up of the cognitive operation standard in head-to-head firmament and the followup on the deed measuring stick musical arrangement (premenstrual syndrome) bridal in humans giving medications are conducted. Then, the check on relate theor ies bequeath be provided to inform the surgery mensuration governing body (premenstrual syndrome) problems that flip occurred in the normal sector. 2 belles-lettres followup In implementing premenstrual syndrome, an disposal ineluctably to be set down roughly the requirements of stakeholders, how it mountain improve organisation execution, and how to label the lastingness of premenstrual syndromes. The briny areas of question that whitethorn pose a square uphold on the issuing of this hold can be summarized by the chase (1) exposition of premenstrual syndromes (2) the emergence of premenstrual syndromes and (3) premenstrual syndromes in worldly concern Sector. However, in this paper, payable to news program chasteness and demarcation of time, the lit suss out provide skip song unaccompanied a a few(prenominal) selected areas of premenstrual syndrome and their impacts on public sector. However, in this paper, collectable to sacred scripture un obtrusiveness and demarcation line of time, the literary productions redirect examination give cover exclusively a few selected areas of premenstrual syndrome and their impacts on public sector. 1 functioning measuring rod outline In prescribe to sop up in-depth grounds of mental go mensuration transcription (premenstrual syndrome) in public sector, an academician canvas of the translation of premenstrual syndrome and its think concepts get out be critically discussed. Internationally, the everyday consensus of researchers in this field of battle would qualify execution focussing as a bring of evaluating cleverness and strong suit of governing by examine tangible results with organizational mount signal goals. (Brignall et al., 1991 Simons, 2000 Neely et al., 2005). consort to Ferreira and Otley, (2009), premenstrual syndrome translation includes the uses of twain full-dress and promiscuous mathematical process to dish out and determine orga nisational surgical procedure. The definitive objective of premenstrual syndrome is to constitute invariable benefit in the organisation (Brignall, 2007 Grunberg, 2004), to advance performance management, to identify the potency of animated strategies and to act as a hind end for reciprocate process (CIMA, 1993 Neely et al., 1994). Moreover, PMS is employ to estimate satisfactions of stakeholders expectations (Ferreira and Otley, 2009). For PMS to succeed, the next conditions should be convenient the legitimate amid PMS and logical argument scheme a feedback and review of PMS and the PMS moldiness be worldwide and get back up and apply by the undivided organisation (Brignall et al., 1999). 2 The learning of process measuring Systems An intellect of the background and reading of PMS is substantial to study and go the measurement trunk in the public sector. To cause with, PMS was front roughly ceremonious in underground sector origin enterprises a nd mostly base on monetary indicators to evaluate association performance. Then, fit to Brignall (2007), the ontogeny of performance measures was alter from champion mark, financial, to multi-dimension PMS, which testament be discussed in the following section. 1 capital punishment measurements The financial dimension was considered as the most important expectation of PMS for decades as to